Dreaming of launching your own home-based daycare? Discover the essential steps to transform your passion for childcare into a thriving business, from understanding licensing requirements to creating a nurturing environment for little ones. Ready to build a successful foundation? Explore how a robust financial plan, like the one available at financialmodel.net, can guide your venture from startup to sustained growth.
Steps to Open a Business Idea
The following table outlines the essential steps required to successfully launch and operate a home-based daycare business. Each step is critical for ensuring legal compliance, operational efficiency, and a high-quality environment for the children in your care.
Secure Licensing and Certification for Home Based Daycare | This foundational step involves understanding and meeting all state and local regulations for home daycares, including capacity limits and safety inspections. Key certifications like CPR and First Aid are often mandatory, alongside potential training in early childhood education. The process typically requires an application, background checks, and health/safety training, which can take 2-6 months. |
Develop a Comprehensive Business Plan for Home Based Daycare | A detailed business plan is crucial for outlining operations, finances, and marketing. It should include market analysis, service offerings, pricing strategies, and financial projections for startup costs and operating expenses. Consideration of the legal structure for your home daycare is also vital. |
Prepare Your Home Environment for Home Based Daycare | This involves creating a safe, stimulating, and compliant space that meets all health and safety guidelines. Childproofing, securing furniture, ensuring adequate ventilation and lighting, and establishing emergency evacuation plans are key components. Designated areas for various activities and adherence to space requirements per child are also important. |
Acquire Essential Supplies and Equipment for Home Based Daycare | Stocking your daycare with age-appropriate toys, educational materials, art supplies, sleeping arrangements, and first-aid essentials is vital for daily operations. Investing in durable, safe, and easy-to-clean furniture and equipment that supports developmental milestones is recommended. |
Develop a Daily Schedule and Curriculum for Home Based Daycare | A structured daily schedule balances activities, meals, and rest, providing a predictable environment. The curriculum should focus on cognitive, social-emotional, physical, and language development, drawing from established early childhood education principles. Adaptability and regular assessment of children's progress are also important. |
Implement Marketing and Client Acquisition Strategies for Home Based Daycare | Building an online presence, networking within the community, and distributing promotional materials are effective ways to attract clients. Offering open houses or introductory meetings allows prospective parents to experience your program firsthand and build trust. |
Establish Financial and Operational Management Systems for Home Based Daycare | Setting up dedicated business accounts, tracking income and expenses, and implementing clear invoicing and payment systems are essential for financial health. Developing comprehensive policies and procedures, including a written contract, helps manage client relationships and operational clarity. Regular budget reviews are crucial for sustainability. |
What Are Key Factors To Consider Before Starting Home Based Daycare?
Before you even think about opening your doors, it's crucial to understand the lay of the land for starting a home daycare. This means getting a firm grasp on your local child care licensing requirements. Every state and even some cities have their own specific rules about how many children you can care for, safety standards, and background checks. Beyond regulations, you need to assess the demand in your area. Is there a real need for in-home child care? Think about your home's space and what resources you have available. Success really boils down to having a solid business plan for daycare and knowing all the daycare regulations inside and out.
The financial side of launching a home-based childcare business is a significant consideration. The average startup cost can range quite a bit, often between $1,000 and $10,000. This figure can fluctuate based on whether you need to make renovations, the cost of supplies, and how much you invest in initial marketing. For instance, while licensing fees themselves might be relatively low, necessary safety upgrades, like child-proofing or installing new equipment, could easily add thousands to your expenses. It's wise to consult resources like financialmodel.net for a breakdown of these costs.
The market for childcare is robust, with the US childcare market valued at approximately $604 billion in 2022. Projections show this market growing to $836 billion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.1% from 2023 to 2030. This indicates a strong and growing demand for childcare services, including in-home child care options. Understanding this market potential is key when launching a home daycare.
When parents are looking for a place for their children, certain factors weigh heavily on their decisions. A 2023 survey revealed that a staggering 90% of parents prioritize safety records and the qualifications of the caregivers. This means that for your home-based childcare business to thrive, you must demonstrate an unwavering commitment to creating a secure environment and showcasing your expertise in early childhood education.
Essential Pre-Launch Checks for Home Daycare
- Licensing and Regulations: Thoroughly research and comply with all state and local child care licensing requirements. This is non-negotiable for operating legally.
- Market Demand Analysis: Investigate the need for in-home child care in your specific neighborhood. Are there enough families seeking this type of service?
- Home Readiness: Evaluate your home's space, safety features, and available resources. Ensure it meets all required standards for a safe childcare environment.
- Business Planning: Develop a comprehensive business plan for daycare, outlining your services, pricing, marketing strategy, and financial projections.
- Parent Priorities: Understand that parents value safety and educational quality above most other factors. Highlight these aspects in your marketing.
What Are The Legal Requirements To Start A Home Based Daycare?
To successfully open a home based daycare business, like 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare', understanding and meeting legal requirements is paramount. These primarily revolve around obtaining the correct state-specific child care licensing and adhering to local regulations. These rules dictate everything from how many children you can care for (capacity limits) to the safety standards for your home and the necessary background checks for all providers.
It's crucial to know that these licensing standards vary significantly from state to state. For instance, some states might allow you to care for up to 6 children without needing a formal license, classifying it as 'license-exempt.' However, other states require full licensing even if you're only caring for one child who isn't related to you. Statistics show that over 70% of states mandate specific training for those looking to open a home daycare, often including certifications in CPR and first aid.
Federal regulations also play a role. The Child Care and Development Block Grant (CCDBG) Act, for example, influences state policies. This act generally requires enhanced background checks and specific health and safety training for all individuals working in child care, including those running a home based childcare business. Staying informed about these federal mandates ensures comprehensive compliance.
Key Legal Steps for Home Daycare
- Obtain State Child Care Licensing: This is the most critical step. Requirements differ by state, so research your specific state's Department of Health or Social Services.
- Comply with Local Zoning Laws: Before you even start, verify municipal requirements. Failing to do so can halt your business. Reports suggest that about 15-20% of home daycare startups encounter issues with zoning or permits, leading to closure.
- Meet Safety Standards: Regulations will cover aspects like fire safety, sanitation, and childproofing your home.
- Pass Background Checks: Expect thorough background checks for yourself and any other adults living in or frequently present in your home.
- Complete Required Training: This often includes pediatric CPR, first aid, and sometimes child development or health and safety courses.
When launching a home daycare, checking local zoning laws is not just a suggestion; it's a necessity. These laws determine if a home based childcare business is even permitted in your residential area and can impose restrictions on signage, hours of operation, or the number of children you can enroll. Understanding these local nuances upfront can prevent significant setbacks and ensure your business operates legally and smoothly.
How Much Does It Cost To Open A Home Based Daycare?
The initial investment for starting a home based childcare business can vary significantly, typically falling between $1,000 and $10,000. This range accounts for essential setup costs, including necessary safety modifications to your home, purchasing age-appropriate educational supplies, securing adequate insurance for home based daycare, and initial marketing efforts to attract your first clients. Understanding these upfront expenses is crucial for anyone looking into launching a home daycare.
When budgeting for your home daycare, several key cost categories demand attention. Safety equipment, vital for compliance and child well-being, can range from $300 to $800. This includes items like safety gates, fire extinguishers, and comprehensive first-aid kits. Furthermore, stocking your facility with initial toys and educational materials is an investment that typically costs between $500 and $2,000. Annual insurance premiums for a home based daycare can also add up, usually costing between $300 and $1,000.
Key Startup Cost Breakdown for Home Daycare
- Safety Equipment: $300 - $800 (e.g., gates, fire extinguishers, first-aid kits)
- Toys and Educational Materials: $500 - $2,000
- Insurance Premiums: $300 - $1,000 annually
- Licensing and Background Checks: $100 - $650
- Marketing and Advertising: $200 - $1,000
Licensing fees are a mandatory part of opening a home daycare, and these costs can fluctuate considerably based on your state and the maximum number of children you plan to care for, generally ranging from $50 to $500. Additionally, background checks are required for all adults residing in the home, with costs typically running between $50 and $150 per person. These checks are essential for ensuring a safe environment for the children in your care.
Marketing your new home based childcare business is essential for finding clients. Your initial investment here might range from $200 to $1,000 for things like creating a simple website or running local advertisements. However, many successful home daycares start small, relying heavily on word-of-mouth referrals within their community. This organic growth can significantly reduce initial marketing expenses, making it a cost-effective way to begin. For more detailed financial planning, resources like financial models for opening a home-based daycare can provide deeper insights.
What Insurance Is Required For A Home Based Daycare Business?
When starting a home-based daycare, securing the right insurance is a critical step to protect your business and the children in your care. The primary type of insurance you'll need is general liability insurance. This coverage is designed to shield you from financial losses if a child is injured on your property or if a parent files a claim alleging negligence in your care. It's a foundational element for any home-based childcare business, including operations like 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare'.
Many states have specific requirements for general liability coverage for home-based childcare providers. Typically, policies offer coverage limits ranging from $1 million to $2 million. The cost of these policies can vary, but annual premiums often fall between $300 and $1,000. These costs are influenced by factors such as the extent of coverage chosen and your geographical location. It’s essential to confirm these state-specific mandates before opening your doors.
It's also vital to understand that standard homeowner's insurance policies usually do not cover business-related liabilities. In fact, approximately 70% of basic homeowner policies will exclude business operations. This means you cannot rely on your existing home insurance to protect your daycare. You will likely need to obtain a separate home daycare policy or a specific rider added to your homeowner's insurance to ensure adequate protection for your business activities.
Specific Insurance Needs for Home Daycares
- General Liability Insurance: Covers bodily injury, property damage, and negligence claims. This is the most fundamental requirement for launching a home daycare.
- Professional Liability Insurance (Optional but Recommended): Also known as Errors & Omissions (E&O) insurance, this can protect against claims arising from the professional services you provide, such as allegations of improper supervision or educational neglect.
- Commercial Auto Insurance: If your home-based daycare involves transporting children, you will need commercial auto insurance, as personal auto policies typically exclude such use.
- Worker's Compensation Insurance: If you plan to hire employees, even part-time assistants, worker's compensation insurance is usually a legal requirement to cover employee injuries sustained on the job. For sole proprietors without staff, this is not applicable.
For 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare,' or any home-based childcare business, verifying that your insurance covers all aspects of your operations is crucial. If you transport children, even for occasional outings, you'll need to look into commercial auto insurance. Similarly, if you hire any staff, worker's compensation insurance becomes a necessary consideration. Many home daycares begin as sole proprietorships with no employees, which simplifies the insurance landscape, but growth often brings additional needs.
How Can I Market My Home Based Daycare Effectively?
Effectively marketing your home based daycare business, like 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare', hinges on connecting with local families. Think about leveraging community ties, online tools, and the power of word-of-mouth. Many new clients, often around 60-70%, discover home daycares through referrals from satisfied parents or local community groups. Building a strong reputation for excellent early childhood education and providing personalized attention is absolutely crucial for this to happen.
Your online presence plays a significant role too. Setting up a profile on local directories such as Google My Business and Yelp can be highly effective. Engaging in local parenting Facebook groups is another smart move. Even a simple website can attract about 30% of inquiries, especially from parents actively searching for terms like 'how to start a daycare at home' or 'finding clients for home daycare.'
Key Marketing Strategies for Home Daycares
- Leverage Local Networks: Connect with community centers, libraries, pediatricians' offices, and local family resource centers. Offer flyers or brochures.
- Build an Online Presence: Create a Google My Business profile, join local Facebook parenting groups, and consider a simple website or social media page.
- Encourage Referrals: Implement a referral bonus program for existing parents who bring in new clients.
- Highlight Your Value Proposition: Clearly communicate what makes your daycare unique. For 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare', this might be the emphasis on a 'warm, secure, and educational environment.'
- Competitive Pricing: Research local rates. Average weekly rates for home daycare can range from $150-$300 per child, depending on your area and the age group served. Ensure your pricing reflects the quality of care and services you offer. For more insights on costs, you can explore resources like home-based daycare costs.
Crafting a clear value proposition is essential. For 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare', emphasizing the benefits of a warm, secure, and educational environment within a flexible, home-based setting helps differentiate you from larger childcare centers. Offering competitive rates, which, as mentioned, can average between $150-$300 per child weekly, can also significantly boost client acquisition. Understanding the potential income can also be helpful; you can find more information on how much home daycares make.
Secure Licensing And Certification For Home Based Daycare
Securing the right child care licensing and certifications is the absolute first step when you want to open a home daycare. This ensures you're following all the rules set by your state and local government for home based childcare. You'll need to figure out the specific requirements for your area.
Most states have different categories for home daycares based on how many children you can care for. Usually, 'family child care homes' are licensed for about 4 to 12 children. If you plan to care for more, you might fall into the 'group child care homes' category. It's common for over 85% of states to require an inspection of your home before you can get licensed. This inspection checks that your home meets all the important safety and health standards for a home daycare.
Essential Certifications for Home Daycare Providers
- CPR and First Aid Certification: This is almost always required for primary caregivers, covering infants and children.
- Early Childhood Education Training: Many states mandate training in areas like child development, often requiring anywhere from 10 to 40 hours of initial coursework.
The process generally involves a few key steps. You'll need to submit a formal application. All adults living in your home will have to go through background checks, which is a crucial requirement for home based childcare providers. You'll also need to complete all the mandated health and safety training. Be prepared, as this whole process can take anywhere from 2 to 6 months to complete.
Develop A Comprehensive Business Plan For Home Based Daycare
Creating a solid business plan is your first major step when starting a home-based childcare business. Think of it as the blueprint for your entire operation, guiding everything from daily activities to long-term goals. It helps you map out how you'll run things, manage your money, and attract families to your home daycare.
A well-thought-out business plan for daycare should thoroughly investigate your local market. This means understanding the demand for childcare in your area. For example, it's common for waitlists at quality childcare centers in many urban areas to stretch from 6 to 12 months. You'll also need to clearly define the services your home daycare will offer and decide on a competitive pricing strategy. The home daycare income potential can be quite good, with operations at full capacity potentially earning between $30,000 and $60,000 annually.
Your financial projections are a critical part of the plan. You need to itemize all the initial startup costs, which can range from $2,000 to $5,000 for initial setup. Then, detail your ongoing monthly expenses, such as food for the children, utilities, art and educational supplies, and insurance premiums. Finally, project your revenue based on how many children you plan to enroll and the rates you'll charge.
An important consideration within your business plan is selecting the right legal structure for your home daycare. Options typically include a sole proprietorship or a Limited Liability Company (LLC). This choice impacts your personal liability and tax obligations. For instance, approximately 75% of home daycares operate as sole proprietorships primarily because they are simpler to establish and manage, especially when you are first launching a home daycare.
Prepare Your Home Environment For Home Based Daycare
Setting up a safe and stimulating space is crucial when starting a home daycare business. This involves ensuring your home meets all health and safety guidelines and is ready for inspection. Think of it as creating a welcoming and secure haven for the children in your care, much like the philosophy behind 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare' – a warm, secure, and educational environment.
Childproofing is a non-negotiable step. This means covering electrical outlets, installing safety latches on cabinets and drawers, and securing heavy furniture to walls to prevent tipping. These safety measures are paramount for preventing accidents. The average investment for these essential safety modifications and initial setup can range from $500 to $2,000, depending on the extent of the work needed.
Designing the space thoughtfully enhances the learning experience. Designate specific areas for various activities, such as a quiet corner for reading or naps, an active play zone, and a dedicated learning area. Many states require a minimum of 35 square feet of usable indoor space per child, so efficient layout is key. Integrating curriculum ideas for home daycare into this spatial design will foster an engaging environment.
Fire safety is another critical component of preparing your home for daycare operations. Ensure you have working smoke detectors on every level of your home and outside sleeping areas, as well as easily accessible fire extinguishers. Developing and practicing clear emergency evacuation plans is also vital. These safety features are regularly reviewed during daycare inspections, so having them in place from the start is essential for compliance when you open in home daycare.
Essential Home Daycare Setup Checklist
- Childproofing: Install outlet covers, cabinet locks, and secure all heavy furniture.
- Space Allocation: Designate distinct areas for play, learning, and rest.
- Ventilation & Lighting: Ensure adequate fresh air circulation and good natural light.
- Fire Safety: Verify working smoke detectors and fire extinguishers, and have an evacuation plan.
- Sanitation: Establish easy-to-clean surfaces and a system for regular cleaning and disinfecting.
When launching a home daycare, ensuring your space is compliant with all local and state daycare regulations is paramount. This involves understanding the specific requirements for your area, which can include everything from the number of children you can care for to the types of toys and equipment you must provide. Adhering to these rules is a fundamental step in how to start a daycare at home legally and successfully.
Acquire Essential Supplies And Equipment For Home Based Daycare
Setting up your home for a daycare business means gathering the right supplies and equipment. This is crucial for ensuring children are engaged, safe, and comfortable throughout the day. Think of it as building the foundation for your early childhood education environment.
When you are starting a home daycare, the initial investment in supplies can range from $1,000 to $3,000. This budget covers a wide array of items necessary for daily operations and educational activities. Having the proper tools ensures you can provide a stimulating and nurturing experience for the children in your care.
Durable and safe furniture is a must. For instance, cribs must meet current Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) standards, which means no older drop-side models. Similarly, tables, chairs, and storage units should be sturdy, child-friendly, and easy to clean. Investing in quality equipment upfront can save you money and hassle in the long run.
Key Supplies for Your Home Based Childcare Business
- Age-Appropriate Toys: Blocks, puzzles, dolls, cars, and shape sorters to encourage imaginative play and skill development.
- Educational Materials: Books, flashcards, alphabet charts, and learning games that support early literacy and numeracy.
- Art Supplies: Crayons, washable markers, construction paper, safety scissors, play-doh, and smocks for creative expression.
- Resting Equipment: Sleeping mats or cots for nap times, ensuring each child has a designated, comfortable space.
- First-Aid Supplies: A well-stocked first-aid kit, including bandages, antiseptic wipes, and any necessary child-specific medications.
- Safety Equipment: Outlet covers, safety gates, and cabinet locks to create a secure environment.
It's important to select materials that actively support developmental milestones. For example, building blocks help develop fine motor skills and spatial reasoning, while puzzles enhance problem-solving abilities. A diverse collection of books promotes language development and a love for reading. These elements are key to providing quality early childhood education within your home based childcare business.
Develop A Daily Schedule And Curriculum For Home Based Daycare
Creating a structured daily schedule and a well-thought-out curriculum is fundamental to running a successful home based childcare business. This structure provides children with predictability, which is crucial for their development, and ensures a rich, educational environment. For 'Little Sprouts Home Daycare,' this means balancing active learning with necessary downtime.
A well-balanced daily schedule for a home daycare typically includes distinct blocks of time for various activities. These generally cover:
- Arrival and Free Play
- Circle Time (songs, stories, group activities)
- Structured Learning Activities (e.g., art, crafts, early literacy)
- Snack Time
- Outdoor Play or Gross Motor Activities
- Lunch
- Nap or Quiet Time
- Afternoon Snack
- More Free Play or Themed Activities
- Departure
The curriculum for your home daycare should focus on fostering holistic child development. This means addressing cognitive, social-emotional, physical, and language skills. Many home daycare providers find success by drawing inspiration from established early childhood education philosophies. For instance, incorporating elements of the Montessori method, which emphasizes independence and self-directed learning, or the Reggio Emilia approach, known for its project-based learning and child-led exploration, can create a vibrant learning atmosphere.
When launching a home daycare, it's important to remember that flexibility is key. While a schedule provides structure, parents often look for providers who can adapt. In fact, 95% of parents seek childcare providers offering developmental activities beyond basic supervision. Regularly assessing how children are progressing and being willing to adjust activities or timings based on the children's needs and engagement levels is vital for maintaining a high-quality in-home child care experience.
Implement Marketing And Client Acquisition Strategies For Home Based Daycare
Successfully marketing your home daycare business and acquiring clients is essential for maintaining consistent enrollment. Think of it as building your community, one family at a time.
Establish a Professional Online Presence
In today's digital age, a strong online presence is non-negotiable. Parents are actively searching for childcare online, with over 80% of parents beginning their search for childcare online. Create a simple, professional website or a dedicated social media page. This space should clearly outline your services, your educational philosophy (like Little Sprouts Home Daycare's focus on a warm, secure, and educational environment), and provide easy-to-find contact information. High-quality photos of your safe and engaging daycare space can also make a big difference.
Network Within Your Local Community
Don't underestimate the power of local connections. Distribute flyers in high-traffic community spots such as community centers, libraries, and local businesses where parents frequent. Actively participate in local parenting groups, both online forums and in-person meetups. This direct engagement allows you to answer questions and build trust with potential clients. Highlighting the personalized attention your home-based setting offers, as Little Sprouts Home Daycare does, can be a key differentiator.
Host Open Houses and Introductory Meetings
Allowing prospective parents to experience your daycare firsthand is a powerful strategy. Hosting open houses or scheduling individual introductory meetings provides an opportunity for parents to visit your home, meet you, and get a feel for your program and daily routines. This personal interaction is incredibly important; over 70% of parents cite provider personality and rapport as a significant factor in their choice. It’s a chance for them to see the warm, secure environment you’ve created and understand the benefits of in-home child care.
Key Client Acquisition Tactics
- Online Presence: Create a website or social media page detailing services, philosophy, and contact info.
- Community Networking: Distribute flyers and join local parenting groups.
- Open Houses: Host events for parents to visit and meet providers.
- Word-of-Mouth: Encourage satisfied parents to refer others.
- Local Partnerships: Collaborate with complementary local businesses.
Leverage Word-of-Mouth Referrals
Happy clients are your best advertisers. Encourage parents who are pleased with the care you provide to spread the word to their friends and neighbors. Offering a small referral bonus, like a discount on tuition for a month, can incentivize this. Positive testimonials and personal recommendations are incredibly influential when families are starting home daycare or looking for home based childcare.
Consider Local Partnerships
Collaborate with other local businesses that cater to families. This could include pediatricians' offices, toy stores, family-friendly cafes, or even local schools. Cross-promotion, such as leaving brochures at their locations or offering joint promotions, can expand your reach significantly. When launching a home daycare, these partnerships can be invaluable for initial client acquisition.
Establish Financial and Operational Management Systems for Home Based Daycare
Setting up solid financial and operational management systems is key to making sure your home based childcare business thrives long-term. This isn't just about keeping track of money; it's about building a foundation for smooth operations and sustainable growth.
Separate Business Finances
To effectively manage your finances when starting a home daycare, it's crucial to establish a dedicated business bank account. This separation makes tracking income and expenses much simpler, which is vital for accurate record-keeping and potential home daycare tax deductions. Many new daycare providers find that by keeping business and personal finances distinct from the outset, they avoid confusion and streamline their accounting processes significantly.
Track Income and Expenses
Meticulously tracking all income and expenses is a cornerstone of managing your home based childcare business. This practice not only helps you understand your profitability but also ensures you can claim all eligible home daycare tax deductions. For example, you can deduct a portion of your home expenses like utilities and mortgage interest, as well as costs for supplies, toys, and professional development. Keeping detailed records, perhaps using specialized software for home daycare management, simplifies this process and maximizes your financial benefits.
Implement Invoicing and Payment Systems
A clear system for invoicing parents and collecting payments is essential for consistent cash flow. This could involve weekly or monthly billing cycles. Using daycare management software can automate invoicing, send reminders, and accept online payments, reducing administrative burden and minimizing late payments. Clearly outlining payment terms, including any late fees, in your parent contract prevents misunderstandings.
Key Policies and Contracts for Home Daycare
- Hours of Operation: Clearly state your daily and weekly operating hours.
- Payment Terms: Specify when payments are due and accepted methods.
- Late Fees: Detail the charges for picking up children after closing time.
- Sick Child Policy: Outline the procedures for when a child is unwell and cannot attend.
- Holiday Schedule: List the days your daycare will be closed for holidays.
Develop Clear Policies and Procedures
Creating a comprehensive set of policies and procedures is vital for a well-run home based childcare business. This includes drafting a home daycare contract that clearly defines expectations for both you and the parents. A well-written contract covering hours, payments, late fees, sick child protocols, and holiday schedules helps prevent misunderstandings and ensures everyone is on the same page, contributing to a professional and transparent operation.
Review Financial Performance Regularly
Continuously reviewing your budget and overall financial performance is critical for the long-term health of your home based childcare business. Aim to maintain a profit margin that allows for reinvestment in essential areas. This reinvestment might include purchasing new educational supplies, funding professional development courses to enhance your early childhood education skills, or simply ensuring a stable personal income. A healthy profit margin directly contributes to your home daycare income potential and the overall quality of care you can provide.