Dreaming of orchestrating unforgettable corporate gatherings? Ready to transform your passion for planning into a thriving enterprise? Discover the essential steps to launch your own successful corporate event planning business and unlock your potential for lucrative growth, perhaps starting with a robust corporate event planning financial model to guide your financial strategy.
Steps to Open a Business Idea
Embarking on the journey of establishing a corporate event planning business requires a systematic approach, from initial planning and legal registration to securing resources and building a strong market presence. This structured process ensures a solid foundation for growth and client satisfaction.
Step | Description |
Develop A Comprehensive Business Plan For Corporate Event Planning | Provides a strategic roadmap, outlining objectives, financial projections, and operational strategies. Key sections include market analysis, service offerings, marketing strategies, and financial forecasts. |
Register Your Corporate Event Planning Company Legally | Involves choosing a business structure (e.g., LLC) and completing federal, state, and local registrations. Obtaining an EIN and necessary licenses are crucial. |
Secure Necessary Funding And Insurance For Corporate Event Planning | Crucial for operational stability. Funding can come from savings or loans. Essential insurance includes general liability, professional liability, and potentially workers' compensation. |
Develop Core Event Planning Services And Vendor Relationships | Defining services like venue selection and logistics, and building a network of reliable vendors (caterers, AV companies) are fundamental for success. |
Build A Strong Brand And Marketing Presence For Corporate Event Planning | Developing a unique brand identity and implementing digital marketing, networking, and online platforms are essential for attracting clients. |
Establish Operational Frameworks And Software For Corporate Event Planning | Implementing project management systems, CRM software, and event registration platforms streamlines processes and enhances productivity. |
Focus On Client Acquisition And Portfolio Building For Corporate Event Planning | Proactively reaching out to clients, documenting successful events with testimonials and high-quality media, and encouraging repeat business are key for sustained growth. |
What Are Key Factors To Consider Before Starting Corporate Event Planning?
Before you launch a corporate event planning business, it's crucial to understand the market. This means looking at who needs event planning services, what your competitors are doing, and where you can fit in. Identifying your niche is key to standing out in the busy event industry.
The corporate event market is substantial and growing. In 2023, the global market was valued at around $322 billion. Projections show it could reach $510 billion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 68%. This indicates a significant opportunity for new event management startups.
Success in corporate event management relies on several pillars. Strong relationships with vendors, impeccable organizational skills, and a solid marketing plan are vital for securing clients. For example, the cost to acquire a new client for a corporate event planning business can range from $500 to $5,000, depending on your marketing strategies.
Essential Startup Considerations for Your Corporate Event Planning Business
- Market Research: Understand demand, competition, and identify your target market.
- Vendor Relationships: Build a reliable network of suppliers for venues, catering, AV, etc.
- Organizational Skills: Develop systems for managing multiple projects, timelines, and budgets.
- Marketing Strategy: Plan how you will reach and attract clients for your event planning services.
- Financial Planning: Determine startup costs, pricing structures, and revenue projections.
The initial capital needed to start a corporate event planning business can vary. For a home-based operation, you might need as little as $5,000. However, if you plan to establish an office, the costs could exceed $50,000. These figures typically cover legal requirements, marketing, and initial operational expenses. Consulting resources like cost to start a corporate event planning business can provide more detailed breakdowns.
Is Corporate Event Planning A Profitable Business?
Yes, the corporate event planning business can indeed be a very profitable venture. Success hinges on several factors, including the scale of the events you manage, the range of services you offer, and how efficiently you run your operations. For many event management startups, achieving profitability is often within the first one to two years, especially when they focus on building a base of repeat clients and employing smart pricing strategies.
The profit margins in this industry are quite attractive. Generally, a corporate event planning business can expect profit margins to fall somewhere between 15% and 25%. However, if your event planning services company tackles highly specialized events or manages significantly larger-scale functions, these margins can climb even higher, sometimes surpassing 30%. This indicates a strong potential for significant financial returns.
Revenue and Profitability Benchmarks
- The revenue generated per corporate event varies dramatically. For smaller corporate functions, you might see figures around $5,000.
- Conversely, large-scale events like major conferences or product launches can generate well over $1,000,000 in revenue, directly impacting the overall profitability of your corporate event planning business.
- Successful event management startups often achieve profitability within 1-2 years.
- Corporate event planners typically charge clients either 10-20% of the total event costs or a fixed fee for their services.
When you launch a corporate events business, understanding how to price your services is crucial for profitability. Many event planning services charge a commission based on the total event budget, which is usually between 10% and 20%. Alternatively, a fixed fee structure can provide clients with cost certainty and ensure your revenue is predictable, regardless of minor budget fluctuations. This strategic approach to pricing is key for a profitable corporate event planning business.
How Much Does It Cost To Start A Corporate Event Planning Business?
The investment needed to launch a corporate event planning business can differ significantly. This range is largely determined by your chosen business model, from a lean, home-based operation to a fully staffed agency with a physical office. For instance, a startup focused on a low-overhead approach might only need around $2,000 to $5,000 to cover initial registrations, a professional website, and essential business software. However, establishing a more comprehensive corporate event management startup with a dedicated office space, advanced event management software for corporate event planning businesses, and a robust initial marketing push could see costs climbing to between $10,000 and $25,000.
Essential Startup Expenses for Your Event Management Startup
When you're looking to start a corporate event planning business, several key expenses need to be factored in. Business registration fees are a fundamental requirement, typically costing between $50 and $500, depending on your specific state or locality. Another crucial element is business insurance. For general liability coverage, which is vital for protecting your event planning services, expect to pay anywhere from $400 to $1,000 annually. Initial marketing efforts are also critical for getting your name out there. This could involve website development, initial online advertising, and creating marketing materials, potentially ranging from $1,000 to $5,000.
Breakdown of Initial Corporate Event Planning Business Costs
- Business Registration Fees: $50 - $500
- Business Insurance (Annual): $400 - $1,000
- Website Development: $300 - $2,000
- Initial Marketing & Advertising: $1,000 - $5,000
- Essential Software Subscriptions: $50 - $300 per month
Ongoing Operational Costs for a Corporate Event Planning Business
Beyond the initial startup capital, it's important to consider the ongoing operational costs associated with running a corporate event planning business. These recurring expenses are vital for sustained growth and efficient service delivery. For example, software subscriptions are a significant factor. Event management software, which is crucial for organizing corporate functions and managing client communications, can average between $50 and $300 per month. Additionally, continuous marketing efforts are necessary to attract new clients and maintain brand visibility in the competitive event industry. If you plan to scale your operation, you'll also need to budget for potential employee salaries and benefits. As highlighted in discussions about the profitability of corporate event planning services, managing these overheads effectively is key to ensuring a healthy profit margin.
Key Ongoing Expenses for Corporate Event Planning
- Software Subscriptions (e.g., CRM, Event Management): $50 - $300+ per month
- Marketing & Advertising: Variable, budget dependent
- Office Rent & Utilities (if applicable): Varies greatly by location
- Salaries & Benefits (if hiring staff): Significant variable cost
- Professional Development & Training: Essential for staying current
When developing your business plan for a corporate event planning company, understanding these cost structures is paramount. For a more in-depth look at financial planning and profitability in this sector, resources like financialmodel.net offer valuable insights into the financial aspects of starting and running such a venture.
What Licenses Are Needed For A Corporate Event Planning Business?
To start your corporate event planning business, like 'Elevate Experiences,' understanding the legal requirements is key. The primary licenses and permits you'll need often depend on your specific location and the types of corporate functions you plan to manage. It's essential to research the regulations in your city, county, and state to ensure full compliance.
Most states require a general business license or registration to operate legally. The cost for these can vary significantly, typically ranging from $50 to $400 annually. Additionally, some cities or counties may have their own specific permits for businesses operating within their jurisdiction. These local permits might add another $25 to $200 to your startup costs.
While there isn't a single, national license for event planning itself, certain services you might offer could necessitate specialized permits. For instance, if your corporate event planning services involve serving alcohol, you will likely need a liquor license. These licenses can be quite expensive, often costing thousands of dollars, and involve a rigorous application process with strict guidelines.
Before you even consider permits, it's crucial to legally form your business entity. Registering your corporate event planning company with your state's Secretary of State is a fundamental step. Whether you choose an LLC, S-Corp, or another structure, this registration solidifies your business's legal standing and typically costs between $100 and $500. This legal formation is vital for liability protection, separating your personal assets from your business operations.
Essential Legal Steps for Launching a Corporate Event Planning Business
- State and Local Business Licenses: Obtain general business licenses from your state and any required permits from your city or county. Costs can range from $50 to $400 annually for state licenses and $25 to $200 for local permits.
- Business Entity Registration: Formally register your business structure (e.g., LLC, S-Corp) with the Secretary of State. This step, costing approximately $100-$500, provides legal protection and formalizes your operation.
- Specialized Permits: If your event management startup will serve alcohol or offer other regulated services, secure the necessary specialized permits, such as a liquor license, which can cost thousands of dollars and require extensive applications.
How Do I Get Clients For My Corporate Event Planning Business?
Securing clients for your corporate event planning business, like 'Elevate Experiences,' requires a dynamic strategy. It's about showing potential clients you can transform their events into strategic assets. This involves a blend of active networking, smart digital outreach, and a strong showcase of your past successes. Think of it as building trust and demonstrating value simultaneously.
Leveraging Digital Marketing for Lead Generation
To attract clients, digital marketing is key. Optimizing your website for search terms such as 'corporate event management' and 'event planning services' helps potential clients find you. Engaging actively on social media platforms where businesses network, like LinkedIn, and consistently producing valuable content can significantly boost your visibility. Content marketing, for instance, can yield an impressive average return on investment (ROI) of 22%, making it a powerful tool for attracting leads to your corporate event planning business.
The Power of Networking and Referrals
Don't underestimate the impact of personal connections. Actively participate in local business communities, join chambers of commerce, and become involved in industry associations. These avenues are fertile ground for generating leads. In the service sector, referrals are gold; they account for over 60% of new business for many thriving companies. Building strong relationships can directly translate into clients for your corporate event planning services.
Building a Compelling Portfolio and Showcasing Success
Your portfolio is your visual resume. It needs to clearly demonstrate the success of past corporate functions and business events you've managed. High-quality photos, case studies, and detailed descriptions of your role in achieving client objectives are crucial. Client testimonials are equally vital. In fact, a staggering 92% of B2B buyers are more likely to make a purchase after reading a trusted review, underscoring the importance of positive feedback for your event management startup.
Key Client Acquisition Strategies for Corporate Event Planning
- Digital Presence: Optimize website for SEO (e.g., 'corporate event management,' 'event planning services').
- Content Marketing: Produce valuable content with an average ROI of 22% to attract leads.
- Social Media Engagement: Actively use platforms like LinkedIn to connect with businesses.
- Networking: Join local business groups and industry associations to build relationships.
- Referral Programs: Encourage satisfied clients to refer new business, which can account for over 60% of new leads.
- Portfolio Development: Showcase past successful corporate functions with high-quality visuals and case studies.
- Testimonials: Gather and display client reviews, as 92% of B2B buyers are influenced by them.
Develop A Comprehensive Business Plan For Corporate Event Planning
Creating a solid business plan is your first critical step when you want to start a corporate event planning business. Think of it as the blueprint for your entire venture, 'Elevate Experiences.' This plan will map out exactly where you're going, how you'll get there, and what success looks like. Itβs essential for securing funding and making smart decisions as you grow.
A robust business plan for your corporate event management startup needs to cover several key areas. You'll need to analyze your market, especially identifying a specific niche within the corporate event planning business. Clearly define the event planning services you'll offer, detail your marketing strategies to reach potential clients, and create realistic financial forecasts. This document is your roadmap to launching corporate events successfully.
Key Components of Your Corporate Event Planning Business Plan
- Market Analysis: Research the corporate event management landscape. Identify your target audience and understand their needs. Consider finding a niche in corporate event planning, such as sustainability-focused events or tech industry conferences, to differentiate your services.
- Service Offerings: Clearly list the corporate functions and business events you will manage. This could range from product launches and sales meetings to annual galas and team-building retreats.
- Marketing and Sales Strategy: Outline how you will get clients for your corporate event planning business. Detail your marketing strategies for a corporate event planning business, including digital marketing, networking, and building relationships with corporate clients.
- Operational Plan: Describe your business structure, staffing needs, and the software for corporate event planning you'll utilize. Address legal requirements for a corporate event planning business.
- Financial Projections: This is crucial. It should include startup costs, detailing the capital needed to start a corporate event planning business. Project your revenue for 3-5 years, estimate operating expenses, and conduct a break-even analysis to understand profitability. For instance, initial capital needs can range from $5,000 to $50,000 depending on your scope.
Financial projections are a cornerstone of your business plan corporate event planning. They should clearly outline your startup costs, which might include office space, technology, marketing materials, and initial operating capital. For example, the cost to start a corporate event planning business can vary widely, but initial setup might involve investing in event management software and professional liability insurance, which can cost anywhere from $1,000 to $5,000 annually. Youβll also project your revenue streams, considering how corporate event planners charge for their services, such as a flat fee, percentage of the total event budget, or hourly rates. A detailed break-even analysis is vital to understand when your event management startup will become profitable.
Your business plan should also detail your approach to acquiring clients and achieving growth. This involves specific marketing strategies for a corporate event planning business, focusing on demonstrating value and expertise. Consider how to build a portfolio for corporate event planning by showcasing successful past events, even if they were pro bono initially. For corporate event planning business growth strategies, think about expanding your service lines, targeting new industries, or developing strategic partnerships. For instance, many successful corporate event planners focus on building long-term relationships, aiming for repeat business which can account for 60-70% of revenue for established firms.
Register Your Corporate Event Planning Company Legally
To start your corporate event planning business, legally registering it is a crucial first step. This process ensures your business operates within legal boundaries and protects you personally. It typically involves selecting the right business structure and completing necessary registrations at federal, state, and local levels. This foundational step is vital for establishing credibility and ensuring compliance as you launch your corporate event management startup.
Choosing the Right Business Structure
Selecting a business structure impacts your liability, taxes, and administrative requirements. For a corporate event planning business, common choices include:
- Sole Proprietorship: Simple to set up, but offers no personal liability protection.
- Limited Liability Company (LLC): A popular choice for many, offering personal liability protection while allowing for pass-through taxation. Filing fees for an LLC can range from $50 to $500, varying by state.
- S-Corporation: Provides liability protection and potential tax advantages, but involves more complex setup and compliance.
Many entrepreneurs find the LLC structure to be a balanced option for a corporate event planning business.
Obtaining an Employer Identification Number (EIN)
An Employer Identification Number, or EIN, is like a Social Security number for your business. You can obtain this free from the IRS. It's essential if you plan to hire employees, operate as a corporation or partnership, or open a business bank account. Even if you don't plan to hire immediately, having an EIN is a standard practice for a professional corporate event planning business.
Fulfilling Business License and Permit Requirements
Beyond federal registration, you must comply with state and local regulations. This means obtaining the necessary business licenses and permits to operate legally. Requirements can vary significantly depending on your location and the specific types of corporate functions you plan to manage. Common requirements include:
Key Licenses and Permits for Corporate Event Planning
- General Business License: Required by most cities or counties to operate any business.
- Zoning Permits: Ensures your business location complies with local zoning laws, especially if you operate from a home office or a dedicated commercial space.
- Specialized Permits: Depending on the nature of the corporate events you plan (e.g., events serving alcohol, large public gatherings), you might need specific permits from health departments, liquor control boards, or public safety agencies.
Researching these legal requirements is a critical part of your corporate event planning business startup guide.
Secure Necessary Funding And Insurance For Corporate Event Planning
To successfully launch your corporate event planning business, securing adequate funding and comprehensive insurance are critical first steps. This ensures you have the financial backbone to operate smoothly and protect your venture from unforeseen issues.
Initial capital for your event management startup can be sourced from various avenues. Many aspiring entrepreneurs begin with personal savings. Alternatively, exploring small business loans or establishing lines of credit can provide the necessary financial runway. For context, the average small business loan for service industries in the US was approximately $66,000 in 2023, offering a benchmark for potential funding needs.
Protecting your corporate event planning business with the right insurance is non-negotiable. It safeguards against potential liabilities that can arise from managing complex events. Key policies to consider include:
- General Liability Insurance: This covers third-party bodily injury or property damage. The average annual cost typically ranges from $400 to $1,000.
- Professional Liability Insurance (Errors & Omissions): Essential for protecting against claims of negligence or mistakes in your services. Annual premiums often fall between $500 and $1,500.
- Event-Specific Coverage: Depending on the scale and nature of the events you plan, you might need additional coverage tailored to those specific functions.
If you plan to hire employees as your corporate event planning business grows, workers' compensation insurance becomes a necessity. This coverage varies significantly by state but can represent an additional cost of 1-5% of your total payroll. Additionally, if you intend to maintain a physical office space or store significant event equipment, property insurance will be vital to protect those assets.
Develop Core Event Planning Services And Vendor Relationships
To successfully start a corporate event planning business, like Elevate Experiences, you need a clear menu of services and strong connections with reliable vendors. This forms the backbone of your offerings and ensures you can deliver quality events.
Define Your Corporate Event Planning Services
Your core services are what clients will hire you for. Think about the essential components of any corporate function. These typically include:
- Venue sourcing and negotiation.
- Complete logistics management, from transportation to on-site coordination.
- Catering selection and menu planning.
- Audio-visual (AV) production and technical support.
- Attendee registration and management.
- On-site staffing and event execution.
Offering a comprehensive suite of services allows you to handle all aspects of a client's event, making your business a one-stop solution for their corporate functions.
Build a Robust Vendor Network
A key success factor for any event management startup is cultivating relationships with dependable vendors. These are the professionals who make your event plans a reality. Reliable vendors are crucial because, in the event industry, vendor costs often represent a significant portion of the overall budget, frequently ranging from 60% to 70% of the total event expenditure.
Negotiate Favorable Vendor Terms
The financial health of your corporate event planning business hinges on smart vendor negotiations. Securing competitive pricing and favorable payment terms with your vendors directly impacts your profit margin. Better vendor rates also allow you to offer more attractive pricing to your clients, enhancing your competitive edge in the market. This is essential for a profitable corporate event planning business.
Essential Vendor Categories for Corporate Events
- Caterers: Providing food and beverage services tailored to corporate tastes and dietary needs.
- Venues: Securing appropriate spaces, from conference centers to unique event locations.
- AV & Production Companies: Handling sound systems, lighting, staging, and visual displays.
- Entertainment Providers: Sourcing musicians, speakers, or performers to enhance the event atmosphere.
- Decorators & Florists: Creating the visual ambiance and branding elements for the event space.
- Transportation Services: Arranging logistics for attendees, speakers, or VIPs.
Establishing these vendor relationships early on is a critical step when you launch corporate events business. It ensures you have a reliable team ready to execute events for your clients, contributing to your reputation for seamless corporate event management.
Build A Strong Brand And Marketing Presence For Corporate Event Planning
Establishing a robust brand and implementing effective marketing are crucial for any corporate event planning business aiming to attract clients and build trust. Your brand needs to clearly communicate your unique value. For 'Elevate Experiences,' this means highlighting how you transform corporate events into strategic assets, not just logistical tasks. This approach resonates with businesses looking to boost their brands and connect with their audiences.
To effectively launch a corporate event planning business, a strong online presence is non-negotiable. Focusing on key search terms will drive visibility. Think about keywords like 'corporate event planning business,' 'event management startup,' and 'how to get clients for corporate event planning business.' By optimizing your content around these, potential clients searching for these services are more likely to find you.
Digital marketing is a powerful tool for a corporate event planning business. Consider running targeted campaigns. For instance, a campaign emphasizing 'event planning services for business growth' or 'launch corporate events business for maximum impact' can attract the right clientele. This digital outreach helps establish your company as a go-to solution in the competitive event industry.
Professional networking remains a cornerstone for securing clients in the corporate event planning sector. Attending industry conferences and utilizing professional platforms like LinkedIn can significantly expand your reach. In fact, data shows that approximately 80% of B2B leads originate from LinkedIn. Actively engaging on these platforms allows you to showcase your expertise in corporate event management and connect directly with decision-makers who need your event planning services.
Key Marketing Strategies for Corporate Event Planning
- Develop a Unique Value Proposition: Clearly define what sets your corporate event planning business apart. For 'Elevate Experiences,' this is transforming events into strategic assets.
- Targeted Digital Marketing: Utilize SEO and paid campaigns focusing on relevant keywords like 'corporate event planning business' and 'how to get clients for corporate event planning business.'
- Leverage Professional Networking: Attend industry events and use platforms like LinkedIn to connect with corporate decision-makers. 80% of B2B leads come from LinkedIn.
- Showcase Expertise: Create content such as case studies and testimonials demonstrating successful corporate functions and business events.
When starting an event planning company, your brand identity should reflect the quality and professionalism of your services. A well-defined brand helps potential clients understand the value they will receive. For 'Elevate Experiences,' the brand promise is about delivering impactful experiences that align with business goals, making your services indispensable for companies hosting corporate functions.
Establish Operational Frameworks And Software For Corporate Event Planning
To effectively launch a corporate event planning business, setting up solid operational frameworks and integrating the right software is key. This streamlines how you manage events, boosts efficiency, and ensures a professional client experience. Think of it as building the engine that powers your entire operation.
Implement Project Management Systems
A robust project management system is non-negotiable for a corporate event planning business. These systems help you meticulously track every detail, from initial concept to the final post-event report. You can manage event timelines, keep a close eye on budgets, and assign and monitor individual tasks. This structured approach ensures that all moving parts of an event, whether a small meeting or a large conference, are coordinated seamlessly. For instance, using a tool like Asana or Trello can significantly improve task visibility and accountability among your team members.
Utilize Specialized Corporate Event Planning Software
Leveraging specialized software designed for the event industry can dramatically cut down on administrative overhead. For a corporate event management startup, these tools are essential. They can handle everything from guest registration and attendee management to client relationship management (CRM) and financial tracking. Many platforms report that using such integrated software can reduce administrative time by as much as 30%. This allows your team to focus more on creative planning and client relations.
Key Software Categories for Event Planners
- Event Registration Platforms: Streamline attendee sign-ups and data collection.
- CRM Systems: Manage client interactions, proposals, and communications.
- Accounting Software: Track budgets, invoices, and expenses accurately.
- Project Management Tools: Organize tasks, timelines, and team collaboration.
- Virtual/Hybrid Event Platforms: Facilitate online or blended event experiences.
Adapt to Virtual and Hybrid Event Trends
The event industry has seen a significant shift towards virtual and hybrid formats. The global virtual events market, for example, was valued at approximately $114 billion in 2023 and is projected to reach a staggering $400 billion by 2030. As you start your corporate event planning business, it's crucial to incorporate solutions for these formats. Offering virtual event platforms or hybrid event capabilities ensures your business remains competitive and can cater to a wider range of client needs, especially for remote or globally distributed teams.
Focus On Client Acquisition And Portfolio Building For Corporate Event Planning
To truly succeed and grow a corporate event planning business, like 'Elevate Experiences', you must consistently focus on bringing in new clients and strengthening your portfolio. This dual approach demonstrates your capabilities and ensures a steady stream of projects. Itβs about showing potential clients what you can do and proving your past successes.
How to Get Clients for Corporate Event Planning Business
Proactively reaching out to potential corporate clients is crucial. This involves more than just waiting for inquiries. You should craft personalized pitches that highlight how your services align with their specific business goals. Leveraging industry referrals from satisfied clients or vendors can also be very effective. Don't underestimate the power of targeted advertising campaigns, whether online or through industry publications, to capture the attention of the right businesses looking for event planning services.
Building a Compelling Portfolio for Corporate Event Planning
Every successful event is an opportunity to enhance your business's reputation. For each corporate function you manage, meticulously document the key outcomes. This includes gathering detailed client testimonials that speak to the quality of your service and the achievement of their objectives. Furthermore, capture high-quality photos and videos of the events. This visual evidence is vital for creating a compelling portfolio that showcases your expertise in corporate event management.
Key Elements for Portfolio Building
- Client Testimonials: Collect detailed feedback from satisfied clients.
- Event Photography: High-quality images of venue setup, decor, and guest engagement.
- Event Videography: Short, impactful videos showcasing the event's atmosphere and key moments.
- Case Studies: Document specific event goals, your strategy, execution, and measurable results. For instance, a case study might detail how an event increased lead generation by 25% for a tech company.
- Event Metrics: Quantifiable data such as attendance numbers, budget adherence, and post-event survey results.
Encouraging Repeat Business and Referrals
The most sustainable way to grow your corporate event planning business is by fostering loyalty. Consistently delivering exceptional experiences that directly achieve your clients' business goals is paramount. When clients see tangible results and enjoy a seamless planning process, they are far more likely to return for future corporate functions. In fact, repeat clients can often account for over 50% of revenue for established event planners, significantly reducing your client acquisition costs.